Quantum Entanglement

Quantum Entanglement: Another unsolved mystery of quantum physics

Albert Einstein believed that Reality, is permanent. Means that this universe remains present always. And it doesn’t affect by the fact that someone is observing it or not. Our whole classical physics believes this notion. In scientific terms it is known as realism. But in 1925, Neils Bohr along with his partner Heisenberg, through Oppenheimer interpretation , told that this universe’s reality is insignificant in the absence of observer.

Quantum mechanics couldn’t predict accurately about the outcome of any measurement. It can only tell only about possibilities. Those scientist bring wave function into limelight. That represents state of a system. It has all the information related to the system. According to them, whenever we perform any observation, the wave function of the system got collapsed. And in the end only one result came, which we consider as a definite result. It also means that reality, is just an illusion, which solely based upon observer. Though this theory was un-digestible for Einstein. According to him, Quantum Physics couldn’t predict the outcome of an experiment because we don’t know about all the variables of it. Once we got to know about those hidden variables, then we can also predict the outcome of an experiment like Mechanical Physics, with accuracy. He further added, that it is necessary to falsify the locality principle, in order to consider the Bohr’s theory to be true.  Which os the basic principle of the theory of Relativity.

Now, let’s discuss what is locality?

According to Einstein, any object or fluid affect it’s surroundings only. It means that for a message A, to reach D, it has to move through B and C, it is impossible that the message A, moves straight towards D. Also, according to the principle of Relativity, no object can travel faster than light. So it is not possible that any message reach before than light.

In other side, Bohr and Heisenberg continued to be with their theory, that locality or reality is not permanent. Whatever result we get, it is due to the collapsing of the wave function.

But to prove Bohr wrong. Einstein along with B. Podolsky and N. Rosen put the foundation of EPR paradox. And hence gave birth to the mysterious concept of Quantum Physics, which is known as Quanta Entanglement.

So basically it’s concept is this that two particles took birth or meet in a such a way that their wave function got Entangled. That is, property of one particle depends upon the behaviour of other one. To understand it more clearly, let say that if spin of one is Up then definitely the spin of other will be Down. Until here all were fine, but when the Entangled particles kept very far away from each other, than also they exhibited the property of Entanglement, also very instantly. Means that if spin of one, according to your measurement, if comes Down. Then it’s partner’s spin instantly become Up. It seems that they were talking to each other. It was strange, so Einstein called it Spooky (Ghosty) action at a distance. He said that, maybe there are hidden variables in the Entangled particles. Because of which they show such kind of property. Due to lack of experiment, at that time all were agreed to Einstein’s hidden variable theory, but as the time passes we become more advance. Scientist performed many experiments to grab the concept of Quantum Entanglement. But every time, same result came which was astonishing.  Actually, for Entangled particles, it doesn’t matter that where the particles are kept in universe or the distance between them. Whenever you try to measure the spin direction of one the other will change its spin direction accordingly. Seems like they are stick to each other. It proves Einstein wrong. In this context. Because the transfer of information between the entangled particles happen with a speed greater than that of light, which is against the theory os Relativity. So it means, that Bohr was right, that when we measure spin direction of any one among the Entangled particles. The whole wave function get collapsed, due to which both the particles opt opposite spin, instantly.

So, reality is also not permanent?

Currently we can’t say anything about it. Because it is possible that Entangled particles use worm holes or portals for the sake transferring information between them.